This is a comprehensive state-by-state reference indicating whether college athlete NIL deals may involve brands in certain restricted categories. The categories covered include Guns, Ammunition, Tobacco, Alcohol, Cannabis/Marijuana (and other controlled substances), and Other Explicitly Restricted Categories (such as Gambling, Adult Entertainment, Prescription Drugs, etc., if specified by the state). Each state entry notes the current statute (or lack thereof), whether the state prohibits or permits NIL endorsements in those categories (or is Silent on them), and whether institutions can override state defaults with stricter policies. All information is current as of 2025-07-04, with direct citations to relevant laws or official summaries for verification.

State-by-State Restricted Category Summary (July 2025)

Alabama

• Statute: No active NIL statute (Alabama’s 2021 NIL law was repealed on Feb. 3, 2022 ; NCAA interim policy and institutional rules now apply).
• Guns: Silent – No state law; (prior law had banned promoting firearms a student couldn’t legally purchase ).
• Ammunition: Silent – No state law (prior law’s “firearm” ban included associated products ).
• Tobacco: Silent – No state law (prior law prohibited use of NIL for any tobacco product or alternative nicotine product ).
• Alcohol: Silent – No state law (prior law prohibited alcohol endorsements ).
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No state law (prior law banned endorsing any dispensary of a “controlled substance, including, but not limited to, marijuana” ).
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state restrictions (prior law banned adult entertainment businesses and any casino or gambling sponsors ).
• School Override?: N/A – With no statute, schools default to NCAA policy; Alabama’s repeal was intended to remove stricter state rules , so institutions set their own NIL policies.

Alaska

• Statute: No NIL-specific law (no state NIL statute ; default to NCAA/school policy).
• Guns: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Ammunition: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Tobacco: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Alcohol: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No state law restrictions. (Alaska law does not specifically address NIL categories; any deals are subject only to school/NCAA rules.)
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No categories explicitly barred by state law (e.g. gambling, adult entertainment, etc. are not addressed).
• School Override?: N/A – No statute; schools may set any reasonable NIL limitations per institutional policy.

Arizona

• Statute: Arizona Revised Statutes §15-1892 (from SB 1296, eff. July 23, 2021 ).
• Guns: Silent – State law does not mention firearms in NIL context.
• Ammunition: Silent – No specific provision regarding ammo.
• Tobacco: Silent – No explicit prohibition in statute.
• Alcohol: Silent – Not explicitly addressed in state law.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No mention of marijuana or other substances.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Arizona’s law focuses on preventing conflicts with team contracts and IP rights ; it does not list banned industries. (Universities may impose their own restrictions as part of team contracts or policies.)
• School Override?: Limited – The law bars deals conflicting with team or school contracts, giving institutions implicit authority to disallow endorsements that conflict with existing agreements . No explicit “morals clause,” but schools can refuse deals using their IP or that breach team agreements.

Arkansas

• Statute: Arkansas Student-Athlete Publicity Rights Act (originally HB 1671, eff. Jan. 1, 2022; amended by Act 589 (2023)). Codified at Ark. Code Ann. § 4-75-1301 et seq.
• Guns: Prohibited – Student-athletes cannot endorse weapons or firearms per Arkansas law .
• Ammunition: Prohibited – Covered under “weapons” ban (ammo is included implicitly with firearms).
• Tobacco: Prohibited – NIL deals for any tobacco products are banned .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Athletes may not promote alcoholic beverage brands .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – Endorsements of pharmaceuticals, drugs, controlled substances or paraphernalia (including cannabis) are banned . (Also includes “banned athletic substances” like steroids .)
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling/sports betting deals are banned . Adult entertainment endorsements are banned . (Arkansas law enumerates a broad list of vice industries: “alcohol, tobacco, gambling, weapons, pharmaceuticals, banned athletic substances, drugs or drug paraphernalia, or adult entertainment” .)
• School Override?: Yes – Arkansas also prohibits NIL contracts that conflict with institutional policies or team contracts . Schools can impose stricter rules (e.g. disallow deals “inconsistent with the institution’s values”) in addition to the state’s explicit prohibitions.

California

• Statute: California Education Code § 67456 (from SB 206 “Fair Pay to Play Act”, eff. Sept. 1, 2021, as amended by SB 26 in 2021).
• Guns: Silent – No specific restriction in state law on firearm-related NIL deals.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not addressed in statute.
• Tobacco: Silent – No mention of tobacco or nicotine products in the law.
• Alcohol: Silent – California’s law does not explicitly prohibit alcohol endorsements.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No specific ban on cannabis or other substances in the statute (California’s NIL law is silent on vice categories ).
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No categories (gambling, adult entertainment, etc.) are explicitly banned by California’s NIL statute . However, colleges may have their own policies. For example, some California universities bar athletes from endorsing alcohol or cannabis per institutional policy .
• School Override?: Yes (limited) – State law prevents NIL contracts from conflicting with team contracts and requires athletes to disclose deals to the school . But it does not forbid schools from adding restrictions; schools can still deny deals that conflict with existing sponsorships or campus policies (e.g. use of logos or facilities). California’s statute itself does not grant a broad “values” clause, but schools retain control over IP use and can enforce code-of-conduct limits.

Colorado

• Statute: Colorado Revised Statutes § 23-16-301 et seq. (from SB 20-123, eff. July 1, 2021 ).
• Guns: Silent – No explicit mention of firearms in Colorado’s NIL law.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not addressed.
• Tobacco: Silent – No specific prohibition in statute.
• Alcohol: Silent – Not mentioned as a restricted category.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No explicit ban in the law.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – State law does not enumerate any banned industries (focus is on preventing conflicts with team contracts and requiring disclosure ). (Universities likely bar certain endorsements via policy, but not by state mandate.)
• School Override?: Yes – The statute requires athletes to disclose NIL contracts and bars deals that conflict with team contracts . Schools may impose “reasonable restrictions” (e.g. no NIL during official team activities ). There is no explicit list of disallowed industries in the law, so any such limitations would come from school or conference policies.

Connecticut

• Statute: Connecticut Public Act 21-132 (mostly codified at Conn. Gen. Stat. § 10a-56; eff. Sept. 1, 2021; amended July 2022 ).
• Guns: Silent – State law leaves it to school policy to identify prohibited endorsement categories . No specific mention of firearms in the statute.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not explicitly addressed.
• Tobacco: Silent – Not named in the law; subject to school-determined policy.
• Alcohol: Silent – Not directly mentioned; left to school policies.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No explicit statutory ban; to be handled in institution policies.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Connecticut’s law itself does not list specific industries. Instead, it mandates that each institution adopt a policy identifying any prohibited categories of endorsement . (For example, a university can include gambling, adult entertainment, etc. in its own NIL policy.)
• School Override?: Yes – Explicitly. Schools must create NIL policies and “must address certain issues”, including listing types of deals they prohibit . Athletes cannot violate those school-designated restrictions. Thus, institutions have broad authority to ban categories (the state law empowers schools to override by defining their own prohibited endorsement areas).

Delaware

• Statute: No NIL statute (no state law; follows NCAA interim policy ).
• Guns: Silent – No state-level restriction.
• Ammunition: Silent – No state-level restriction.
• Tobacco: Silent – No law addressing this.
• Alcohol: Silent – No state law on it.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No specific state provision.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Delaware law is silent on all endorsement categories (no gambling, adult, etc. mentioned).
• School Override?: N/A – No statute. Schools in Delaware set their own NIL rules (within NCAA guidelines).

District of Columbia (D.C.)

• Statute: No enacted NIL law (Legislation was proposed in Oct 2021 and March 2023 but not finalized  ). D.C. currently operates under NCAA/school rules, but a pending bill contains strict category bans.
• Guns: (Pending) Prohibited – The 2023 D.C. bill would ban endorsing firearms . (No current law yet.)
• Ammunition: (Pending) Prohibited – Included by implication with firearms/weapons ban in the proposed bill .
• Tobacco: (Pending) Prohibited – The bill explicitly bans endorsements of tobacco products .
• Alcohol: (Pending) Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are barred under the bill .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: (Pending) Prohibited – The bill would prohibit promoting “controlled substances” (and steroids) or any illegal activities .
• Other Restricted Categories: (Pending) Prohibited – The D.C. proposal bans sports betting & gambling, and adult entertainment endorsements as well . (Until a law passes, D.C. schools default to NCAA policy – with likely internal bans on those categories.)
• School Override?: Yes – Under the proposed framework, universities in D.C. could still impose additional rules (the bill requires contract disclosure and education ). In absence of a law, D.C. institutions currently have full discretion to restrict categories in line with NCAA guidelines.

Florida

• Statute: Fla. Stat. § 1006.74 (from SB 646, eff. July 1, 2021 ; amended 2022).
• Guns: Silent – Florida’s law does not explicitly forbid firearm-related deals. (Universities may restrict deals conflicting with “program policies” .)
• Ammunition: Silent – Not mentioned in statute.
• Tobacco: Silent – No specific prohibition in the text.
• Alcohol: Silent – Not explicitly addressed.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No mention of cannabis or drugs in the law.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Florida’s statute focuses on requiring contract disclosure and preventing conflicts with team/institution policies . It does not list banned industries (any category bans would come from each school’s program policies or the NCAA’s rule against pay-for-play). Florida schools commonly prohibit certain vices per their own NIL guidelines, but these are not in the statute.
• School Override?: Yes – The law explicitly says NIL agreements “cannot conflict with athletic program policies” . This means each Florida school can have stricter rules (e.g. barring alcohol, gambling, etc.) that override the athlete’s freedom. The statute also mandates athletes attend educational workshops (financial literacy) , but on endorsements it largely defers to institutional policy.

Georgia

• Statute: Official Code of Georgia Annotated § 20-3-680 et seq. (from HB 617, eff. July 1, 2021 ).
• Guns: Silent – No specific mention in Georgia’s NIL law.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not addressed.
• Tobacco: Silent – Not mentioned as a prohibited category.
• Alcohol: Silent – No explicit ban in statute.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No mention of drugs or cannabis in the law’s text.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Georgia’s law does not enumerate restricted industries. It is known for its unique escrow/shared-compensation provision  and allowing schools to opt into pooling NIL earnings , but no clause prohibits endorsements of any specific product category. (Any category limitations would fall under general “conflict with team contract” rules or school policy.)
• School Override?: Yes – The law bars NIL deals that conflict with team contracts, and implicitly with institutional policies . Schools can also require up to 75% of NIL earnings to be pooled (though they can opt out) . While no specific morality clause exists, Georgia schools maintain authority to disapprove deals that would violate existing sponsorship agreements or “institutional values” under their own NIL guidelines.

Hawaii

• Statute: No NIL statute. (No Hawaii law has been passed as of 2025 .)
• Guns: Silent – No state law on NIL or endorsements.
• Ammunition: Silent – Same as above.
• Tobacco: Silent – No state restrictions.
• Alcohol: Silent – No state restrictions.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No state law addressing this.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Hawaii law is silent on all categories (no gambling or adult-entertainment provisions exist).
• School Override?: N/A – With no statute, University of Hawaii and other schools rely on NCAA rules and their own policies. (The Hawaii High School Athletic Assoc. still prohibits NIL altogether , but that does not apply at the college level.)

Idaho

• Statute: No NIL-specific statute. (Idaho has not enacted a college NIL law .)
• Guns: Silent – No law addressing NIL endorsements.
• Ammunition: Silent – No provision.
• Tobacco: Silent – Not covered by any state law.
• Alcohol: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – Not addressed in state law.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Idaho’s absence of an NIL statute means no explicit mention of gambling, adult businesses, etc.
• School Override?: N/A – Institutions in Idaho set their own NIL policies (consistent with NCAA rules). Idaho’s high school association now allows NIL with a ban on school logos and requires compliance with amateur rules , but again no college law. Colleges can prohibit any category via institutional rules without state interference.

Illinois

• Statute: Illinois Student-Athlete Endorsement Rights Act, 110 Ill. Comp. Stat. 190/1 et seq. (SB 2338, eff. July 1, 2021 ; amended May 2022).
• Guns: Silent – The Illinois law (as amended) doesn’t explicitly list firearms by name. (Deals “inconsistent with the institution’s values or mission” can be barred , so a school could prohibit gun sponsorships under that standard.)
• Ammunition: Silent – Not explicitly mentioned (would fall under the same discretionary “values” policy).
• Tobacco: Silent – Not explicitly enumerated in the current law’s text. (Originally, Illinois banned tobacco endorsements , but the 2022 amendment shifted to a broader values-based rule .)
• Alcohol: Silent – No longer explicitly listed after amendment (schools may deem it contrary to mission). Initial law forbade alcohol endorsements .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Conditional – Illinois law broadly prohibits deals for “illegal products or services” and allows schools to ban anything against their values . Marijuana (though legal in IL) is not named; “other drugs” were in the original list . Performance-enhancing supplements remain specifically banned by statute .
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited/Conditional – Gambling/sports betting and adult entertainment are explicitly banned for Illinois athletes (“no student-athlete shall endorse…gambling, sports betting…or adult entertainment” in the original Act) . The law also forbids promoting “performance-enhancing supplements” . After amendment, any endorsement that is “reasonably inconsistent with the values or mission of the institution, or that negatively impacts the institution or program” can be blocked  – which effectively extends prohibition to other categories (e.g. firearms, cannabis, etc.) at each school’s discretion.
• School Override?: Yes – Illinois explicitly gives institutions veto power over deals inconsistent with institutional values or that might negatively impact the school . Athletes must also disclose all NIL deals to the university. In sum, the state sets a floor (banning gambling, adult, etc.) and then allows schools to go further, making override not just allowed but built into the law’s language.

Indiana

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Indiana has not passed a college NIL law .)
• Guns: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• Ammunition: Silent – No state law.
• Tobacco: Silent – No state law.
• Alcohol: Silent – No state law.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No state law.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No specific state rules on gambling, adult entertainment, etc. (Any prohibitions would be per school policy or NCAA rules.)
• School Override?: N/A – With no Indiana law, universities (like IU, Purdue, etc.) follow NCAA interim policy and can impose their own category restrictions as they see fit.

Iowa

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Iowa has not enacted an NIL law; a 2022 bill failed .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No Iowa state rules on any NIL endorsement categories. (Iowa college athletes operate under institutional policies and NCAA guidelines.)
• School Override?: N/A – No statute; schools have autonomy to restrict deals (many follow common prohibitions on alcohol, gambling, etc., by institutional choice).

Kansas

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Kansas had proposals but no law enacted .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Kansas imposes no state-level NIL restrictions (category-wise).
• School Override?: N/A – With no state law, each Kansas university sets its own NIL policy. (Notably, the University of Kansas and others adhere to Big 12 or institutional guidelines typically banning gambling, controlled substances, etc., by policy, not law.)

Kentucky

• Statute: Ky. Rev. Stat. § 164.6931 et seq. (Based on Executive Order 2021-418, effective July 1, 2021 , later codified by the legislature in 2022 mirroring the EO ).
• Guns: Conditional – Kentucky’s policy allows schools to “prevent athletes from endorsing activities that conflict with the image or mission of the school, such as weapons” . The state law itself doesn’t flat-out ban firearms deals; it gives institutions discretion to disallow them as contrary to school values.
• Ammunition: Conditional – Same as guns: not explicitly named in law, but would fall under “weapons” if a school deems ammo endorsements against its image .
• Tobacco: Conditional – Similarly, the law cites “alcohol, tobacco…sexually oriented activities” as examples of what schools may prohibit to protect their image . Not a direct statewide ban, but likely disallowed at school level if inconsistent with their purpose.
• Alcohol: Conditional – Schools can bar alcohol-related NIL deals under the statute’s allowance for protecting institutional image . (The law itself doesn’t ban it outright; it’s permissive to the schools.)
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Conditional/Silent – Cannabis or other drugs aren’t explicitly listed in the EO/law excerpt, but would likely fall under “conflict with…mission” if a school chose. (Kentucky’s approach was to let schools name the prohibited categories; many would include illegal or controlled substances by policy.)
• Other Restricted Categories: Conditional – Adult entertainment is explicitly noted as an example of what schools can forbid (“sexually oriented activities”) . Gambling isn’t named in the text we have, but presumably could be disallowed as an activity conflicting with school values. Essentially, Kentucky law itself is “silent” on specific industries, but it explicitly empowers schools to ban any category that might harm the school’s image (and it gives common examples like tobacco, alcohol, weapons, adult content) .
• School Override?: Yes (explicit) – The entire Kentucky NIL framework is built around institutional control. Schools “may prevent” NIL deals that conflict with their contracts or “image, purpose, or mission” . Thus, university policies override by design – any deal the school deems a detriment (e.g. a casino or strip club sponsorship) can be vetoed. The state also encourages schools to provide financial literacy and NIL education, though not mandating it .

Louisiana

• Statute: La. Rev. Stat. §17:3701 et seq. (from SB 60, the Louisiana NIL law, eff. July 1, 2021; amended June 10, 2022 ).
• Guns: Silent – No explicit mention of firearms. Louisiana’s statute does not list weapons among prohibited NIL categories.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not addressed.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – The law prohibits athletes from endorsing any “tobacco” product .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Athletes may not endorse any “alcohol” brand or product .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – Endorsements of “illegal substances” or any “banned athletic substance” are forbidden . (This covers drugs, likely including marijuana since it’s illegal for recreational use in Louisiana).
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling endorsements are disallowed (“athletes cannot endorse…gambling” ). Louisiana’s law, as written in 2021, explicitly barred these categories: “alcohol, tobacco, gambling, illegal substances, or banned athletic substances.” It did not mention adult entertainment or weapons in the text .
• School Override?: Yes – The statute says athletes may be prevented from deals that “conflict with the institution’s contracts or values.” . That gives schools a broad mandate to impose stricter rules on top of state defaults. (Since 2022’s amendment, Louisiana also now allows schools and boosters to facilitate NIL deals , but they still cannot allow deals in the prohibited categories.) In summary, state law bans several vice categories outright, and lets schools add further restrictions aligned with their institutional values.

Maine

• Statute: Maine has a very limited law (LD 1893, enacted 2022) pertaining mainly to autographs, but no comprehensive NIL statute addressing endorsements . Colleges follow NCAA rules.
• Guns: Silent – No state NIL law or restrictions.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Maine law does not regulate NIL deals by category (the 2022 act simply clarified athletes aren’t employees and can sell autographs ). No mention of gambling, adult entertainment, etc.
• School Override?: N/A – With no broad NIL law, Maine universities adhere to institutional and NCAA policies. (Maine’s high school association recently allowed NIL with certain vice restrictions , but again, that doesn’t govern college athletes.)

Maryland

• Statute: Md. Education Code §15-128 (from SB 439, the Jordan McNair Safe and Fair Play Act, eff. July 1, 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent – Maryland’s law does not list any banned NIL product categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – The Maryland law focuses on athlete rights (no scholarship loss for NIL, etc.) and requires disclosure & education, but does not prohibit endorsements of any specific industries . (It does prohibit in-person advertising during team activities , but that’s a time/manner restriction, not content-based.)
• School Override?: Yes – Schools can set their own policies within the broad framework. Maryland’s law requires contract disclosure to a designated official and allows schools to bar NIL activities during official team activities . It doesn’t explicitly say schools can add moral restrictions, but since no state ban exists, any disallowance of, say, a cannabis sponsor would be via school policy. So effectively, institutions can impose additional category restrictions if they choose (and most likely have their own lists in practice).

Massachusetts

• Statute: No NIL statute. (As of 2025, Massachusetts has proposed legislation but no law; colleges follow NCAA rules .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state law; no categories are statutorily off-limits. (Massachusetts universities use institutional policies. Notably, the MA high school association prohibits NIL deals with alcohol, tobacco, and adult content , suggesting colleges might similarly discourage those by policy.)
• School Override?: N/A – No state framework, so each college’s NIL policy governs. Schools in MA can ban any category of endorsements they deem inappropriate, without state interference.

Michigan

• Statute: Michigan Compiled Laws § 390.1733 et seq. (from HB 5217/HB 5218, eff. Dec. 31, 2022 ).
• Guns: Silent – Michigan’s NIL law does not enumerate disallowed industries.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – The Michigan law focuses on procedures (e.g. 7-day prior disclosure to school, no conflicting apparel deals during team activities ) and does not explicitly ban any endorsement categories. (No mention of gambling, etc., in the statutory text.)
• School Override?: Yes (limited) – The statute bars NIL contracts that conflict with team contracts, particularly for apparel worn during official activities . It doesn’t explicitly grant a “values” clause, but schools can enforce existing sponsorship exclusivity (e.g. no competitor logos). Michigan law does not forbid schools from creating their own prohibited-category policies, so effectively institutions may still impose such restrictions. The law primarily ensures athletes can engage in NIL and outlines disclosure and representation rules .

Minnesota

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Minnesota had proposed legislation, but none enacted as of 2025 .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state law regulating categories. (Minnesota colleges follow NCAA policy; notably, the Minnesota HS League bans athletes from promoting gambling, alcohol, tobacco, drugs or weapons , which likely informs college policy, but again no state law.)
• School Override?: N/A – Without a state law, Minnesota schools dictate their own NIL limitations. They are free to prohibit any endorsement category via team rules or conference policy.

Mississippi

• Statute: Mississippi Intercollegiate Athletics Compensation Rights Act, Miss. Code Ann. § 37-97-101 et seq. (from SB 2313, eff. July 1, 2021 ; amended Apr. 20, 2022).
• Guns: Silent – Mississippi’s law doesn’t explicitly list firearms among banned NIL categories.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not mentioned.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Athletes cannot endorse tobacco products under Mississippi law .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are forbidden .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The law bans endorsement of “marijuana or other drugs” . Also, “banned athletic substances” (e.g. steroids) are included in prohibited categories .
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling or sports betting promotions are not allowed . Adult entertainment is explicitly banned (“sexually oriented activities” can’t be endorsed) . Mississippi basically barred “gambling, marijuana, sports betting, tobacco, alcohol, or performance-enhancing supplements” in NIL deals . (These restrictions were common to nearly “all current state laws” passed in 2021 .)
• School Override?: Yes – The law requires athletes to disclose NIL contracts to their school in advance and says deals cannot conflict with the institution’s policies or rules . Mississippi amended its law in 2022 to allow school officials and coaches to assist in NIL deal facilitation , but it did not remove the vice category bans. Schools can still impose reasonable time/place restrictions on NIL activities  or any additional limitations consistent with the law. In practice, the state’s explicit prohibitions set a baseline; institutions can add further restrictions if deemed necessary.

Missouri

• Statute: Mo. Rev. Stat. § 173.280 et seq. (from SB 718/HB 297, initial eff. Aug. 28, 2021; amended June 2022 and July 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent – Missouri’s NIL law does not list prohibited endorsement categories like firearms.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Missouri’s statute does not ban any specific industries. It centers on athlete rights and preventing the NCAA or schools from penalizing NIL activity . (No vice clauses appear in the law’s text; the focus is on things like barring contracts that extend beyond eligibility and, in 2023, allowing high school signees to ink NIL deals after committing.)
• School Override?: Yes (limited) – Athletes must disclose deals and cannot enter agreements that conflict with team contracts without school permission . Schools themselves cannot prohibit NIL generally (and the 2022 amendment even lets coaches help arrange deals ), but schools do retain say in avoiding direct conflicts with their own sponsorships. Since no categories are banned by state, any category-based restriction would come from a university or the SEC conference. Notably, Missouri’s 2023 amendment even prohibits the NCAA from punishing Missouri athletes for NIL , indicating a very athlete-friendly law with minimal content restrictions.

Montana

• Statute: Mont. Code Ann. § 20-1-2301 et seq. (from SB 248, eff. June 1, 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent – Montana’s law does not mention firearm endorsements.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – No explicit ban (Montana law is silent on categories).
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – The statute doesn’t list prohibited NIL industries. It primarily ensures athletes can’t be barred from NIL or lose eligibility, and requires disclosure of contracts to the school . No specific language about gambling or adult entertainment appears in the law as enacted.
• School Override?: Yes – Athletes cannot enter into NIL deals that conflict with school contracts or team rules , per Montana’s law. It also interestingly allows a school to act as an agent to manage an athlete’s NIL deals (with consent) and to include NIL usage provisions in scholarship agreements . While the law doesn’t name any forbidden categories, schools presumably may have team rules against certain endorsements (since the law defers to “team rules” on conflicts). Thus, institutions can still effectively veto deals that violate their own standards or contractual obligations.

Nebraska

• Statute: Nebraska Fair Pay to Play Act, Neb. Rev. Stat. § 48-3601 et seq. (from LB 962, passed in 2020, fully effective July 1, 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent – Nebraska’s law does not explicitly ban any endorsement categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No specific industries are prohibited by the Nebraska statute. (It focuses on ensuring athletes can profit and requires disclosure; originally it had a delayed implementation that was moved up.) The law bars NIL activities during official team activities , but does not list content-based restrictions on NIL deals.
• School Override?: Yes – Nebraska explicitly allows institutions to “prohibit contracts that conflict with the mission of the school” . Athletes must also disclose all NIL agreements to a designated official . So while the state didn’t ban, say, alcohol or gambling by law, a Nebraska school can refuse any deal not in line with its mission or that conflicts with existing contracts. Schools also cannot be punished by athletic associations for athletes’ NIL (protecting the school if they allow deals) .

Nevada

• Statute: Nev. Rev. Stat. § 398.300 et seq. (from AB 254, eff. Jan. 1, 2022 ).
• Guns: Silent – Nevada’s NIL law does not enumerate prohibited categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No specific bans on gambling, adult businesses, etc., appear in Nevada’s statute. The law instead sets up processes: athletes must disclose contracts, schools can require educational workshops, and a state committee will study NIL impacts . No morality clause or list of disallowed sponsors is in the text.
• School Override?: Yes – Nevada allows schools to impose “reasonable restrictions” on NIL agreements and to prohibit athlete compensation “related to official activities of the school or team” . Athletes also can’t sign deals that conflict with their team contract . So while Nevada didn’t ban any industries by law, the schools have authority to restrict deals that reflect poorly on or interfere with the institution.

New Hampshire

• Statute: No NIL statute. (No law passed; NIL legislation has been proposed but not enacted .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – New Hampshire imposes no state-level NIL restrictions.
• School Override?: N/A – Colleges in NH (e.g. UNH) follow NCAA policy and their own rules. They are free to restrict any categories internally (with no conflicting state law).

New Jersey

• Statute: N.J. Stat. §§ 18A:154-52 et seq. (from S 971, the NJ Fair Play Act, signed Sept. 2021, effective the 2024–25 academic year ).
• Guns: Prohibited – Athletes cannot endorse weapons or firearms under New Jersey’s law .
• Ammunition: Prohibited – Covered under the ban on weapons (any firearms or related weapons are included) .
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Endorsements of tobacco products are explicitly banned .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcoholic beverage endorsements are not allowed .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The law bans deals with “controlled dangerous substances” (and by extension any illegal drugs) . It also specifically prohibits endorsing prescription pharmaceuticals (prescription drug endorsements) .
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling (including sports betting) is banned . Adult entertainment is banned . New Jersey’s law is comprehensive: it forbids NIL endorsements with “adult entertainment, alcohol, gambling, tobacco, prescription drugs, controlled dangerous substances, or weapons” .
• School Override?: Yes – NJ requires athletes to disclose all NIL deals to a school official  and prohibits any deal that conflicts with the team’s contracts or sponsorships . While the law itself already bans the major vice categories statewide, schools can additionally veto deals that violate other school policies or contractual obligations. (Also, NJ allows schools to use athletes’ NIL in school advertising without additional pay, by statute .)

New Mexico

• Statute: N.M. Stat. Ann. § 21-31-1 et seq. (the Student Athlete Endorsement Act, SB 94, eff. July 1, 2021 ).
• Guns: Silent – New Mexico’s NIL law does not list any prohibited endorsement categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – (New Mexico’s law is silent on specific industries; it focuses on preventing schools/NCAA from restricting NIL rights .)
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No mention of gambling, adult entertainment, etc., in the statutory text. The law primarily ensures athletes can’t be punished for NIL earnings and bars schools from arranging deals as recruiting inducements . It does prohibit NIL agreements that require promotion during official team activities without school approval , but that’s a time/manner rule, not a content restriction.
• School Override?: Yes (minimal) – New Mexico’s law actually prohibits universities from preventing athletes’ NIL activity in most cases . Schools cannot penalize athletes for NIL or forbid them from earning compensation when not in official activities . However, schools can prevent NIL activities “during official, mandatory team activities”  or disallow use of team gear/logos. They do not have an explicit morals clause in the law, meaning the state did not grant blanket authority to ban categories – the emphasis was on allowing NIL. (In practice, a New Mexico school could still discourage, say, cannabis deals via team rules, but the law itself doesn’t address it.)

New York

• Statute: N.Y. Educ. Law § 6438-a (from SB 5891, initially effective Nov. 21, 2022, amended July 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent – New York’s law does not explicitly mention firearm or weapon endorsements.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent – No specific ban in the text.
• Alcohol: Silent – Not enumerated as a forbidden category.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – NY law doesn’t list cannabis or other substances in its NIL restrictions.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – The New York statute doesn’t forbid particular industries; instead it prohibits NIL contracts that would cause the athlete to violate team contracts or school codes of conduct, or that would result in financial/reputational loss to the school . (For example, if a deal violates the school’s code of conduct or existing sponsorships, the athlete can’t do it . But there’s no blanket list of “no alcohol/gambling” in the law itself.)
• School Override?: Yes – The law gives schools a lot of say: an athlete can’t enter a contract that “causes a violation of the institution’s code of conduct,” conflicts with team contracts, uses school IP without permission, or occurs during class or team activities . This means if a school’s code of conduct forbids certain endorsement categories (like adult industries or gambling), that would bar the deal under state law . Additionally, every Division I program in NY must offer a student-athlete assistance program (education, etc.) . Overall, New York defers to institutional codes and contracts to filter out undesirable deals rather than listing them in the statute.

North Carolina

• Statute: No permanent statute. (Governed by Executive Order 223 issued July 2, 2021 ; NC rescinded the EO in March 2024, fully handing NIL regulation to schools).
• Guns: Conditional – Under the 2021 executive order (now rescinded), schools were allowed to “prevent athletes from endorsing products or brands contrary to the school’s values or that may undermine the image of the school.”  Firearms could fall under that if a school deemed them against its values. No explicit mention in the EO, however.
• Ammunition: Conditional – Same as firearms; not named specifically, but would be included if a school policy prohibits weapons endorsements.
• Tobacco: Conditional – The EO didn’t list categories, but a school could bar tobacco if it’s “contrary to school values” . (UNC system schools likely did so in their NIL policies.)
• Alcohol: Conditional – Similarly, could be prohibited by a school’s discretion under the values/image clause.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Conditional – Not explicitly addressed in the order, but no school would likely allow illegal substance endorsements; they could ban those as undermining the school’s image.
• Other Restricted Categories: Conditional – Adult entertainment, gambling, etc. were not explicitly enumerated by the state, but institutions in NC have authority to disapprove such deals on moral/image grounds per their own policies. (Since March 2024, with EO 223 rescinded , NIL governance is entirely in the hands of schools and the UNC system guidelines.)
• School Override?: Yes (fully) – North Carolina’s approach is now entirely an institutional override. The 2021 executive framework already let schools craft NIL policies (with broad discretion to ban deals conflicting with “school values” ). The 2024 policy shift explicitly shifts all decision-making on NIL to the schools . So, UNC, NC State, etc., can each decide what categories to restrict (and virtually all have policies against gambling, adult industries, etc., even though the state law doesn’t enumerate them).

North Dakota

• Statute: No NIL statute. (No law passed in North Dakota .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – North Dakota imposes no state-level NIL category restrictions.
• School Override?: N/A – Each institution follows NCAA rules and can set its own prohibited categories (likely similar to common vice prohibitions). ND did pass a 2022 law for high schools allowing NIL with certain limitations (no school logos, etc.) , but nothing for college athletes.

Ohio

• Statute: No permanent statute; implemented via Executive Order 2021-10D, eff. July 1, 2021  (and later codified in part in Ohio Rev. Code § 3376, 2022).
• Guns: Conditional – The Ohio executive order allowed that athletes “may be prohibited from endorsing” certain categories including those not “age-appropriate” . It explicitly listed “marijuana or other drugs, alcohol, tobacco, adult entertainment, or gambling” . Firearms/weapons were not listed, meaning state guidance didn’t explicitly ban them, but schools could theoretically include weapons under their own policies. So by state rule: guns = Silent (no mention in EO), but likely handled by schools case-by-case.
• Ammunition: Silent – Not mentioned in state policy.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – The EO and subsequent policy explicitly ban athlete endorsements of tobacco products .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are disallowed by the state’s NIL framework .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The order forbids endorsing “marijuana or other drugs” . (This covers illegal drugs and likely any federally controlled substances.)
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Adult entertainment is explicitly barred . Gambling is explicitly barred  (this includes sports betting companies, casinos, etc.). Ohio’s policy essentially mirrored common NCAA-suggested vice bans – all those categories are off-limits by rule of the EO.
• School Override?: Yes – Ohio’s EO required athletes to disclose NIL deals to their institution and allowed institutions to impose these category bans and other restrictions (like no NIL during team activities) . In 2022, Ohio codified NIL provisions ensuring no school or athletic association can penalize athletes for NIL, but schools must adhere to the state’s category prohibitions. So the “override” is built-in: the state set the banned categories, and schools enforce them. Schools can also add on if something “reflects negatively” on the institution, but the major categories were already covered by state policy. (Note: Ohio’s initial action was via executive order, but it has since been sustained through legislative or Board of Regents policy.)

Oklahoma

• Statute: Okla. Stat. tit. 70, § 821.91 et seq. (from SB 48, eff. July 1, 2023 ).
• Guns: Silent/Conditional – Oklahoma’s law doesn’t explicitly ban firearms, but it bars deals that “reflect negatively on the institution or conflict with its policies” . A school could thus disallow a gun sponsorship if deemed negative. No outright state ban though.
• Ammunition: Silent/Conditional – Same as guns; no mention in law, left to school judgment if at all.
• Tobacco: Silent/Conditional – Not explicitly listed; would fall under “conflicts with policies” if a school policy bans it.
• Alcohol: Silent/Conditional – Not named in statute; could be prohibited by a school’s code of conduct under the general conflict clause.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent/Conditional – Not named; presumably handled by school policies (and of course subject to legality).
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent/Conditional – No specific industries are banned by Oklahoma’s law. Instead, it voids any deal that a school decides “reflects negatively” on it or conflicts with university policies . This catch-all could encompass adult entertainment or gambling if a school objects, but the state law itself doesn’t enumerate them. The law also has standard provisions (no pay-for-play, disclosure within 72 hours, no use of school IP without permission, etc. ).
• School Override?: Yes – Very much so. Oklahoma explicitly empowers each institution to determine if an NIL deal conflicts with its “policies” or “reflects negatively” on the school and to prohibit it on that basis . In other words, the state left content restrictions entirely to institutional discretion (which effectively is an override clause). Schools also enforce that NIL deals can’t extend beyond athletic participation and can’t happen during team activities , per the law.

Oregon

• Statute: Or. Rev. Stat. § 702.005 et seq. (from SB 5, eff. July 1, 2021 ; plus SB 1505 in 2022 regarding group licensing royalties ).
• Guns: Silent – Oregon’s law does not list any prohibited NIL categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Oregon’s statute doesn’t restrict endorsement content; it focuses on athlete rights (athletes can receive food, housing, etc. as NIL compensation ) and procedural rules (disclosure, agent limitations ). It does not mention gambling, adult entertainment, etc., at all. (Oregon was one of the less restrictive states in terms of content.)
• School Override?: Yes – Athletes must disclose NIL deals to a designated official , and they cannot enter into agreements that conflict with “team rules” or school contracts . This implies if a team rule forbids endorsing certain categories (say a team rule against promoting marijuana dispensaries, quite plausible in Oregon), then that deal is not allowed. Oregon’s law doesn’t explicitly grant a broad moral veto, but by upholding team contract/rule supremacy, it effectively lets schools maintain category restrictions through team policies. Schools also can’t pay NIL directly and agents can’t have recently been school employees , but those are separate issues.

Pennsylvania

• Statute: Pa. Consolidated Stat. (unofficially via SB 381, enacted as part of the budget, effective June 30, 2021 ). (Pennsylvania’s NIL provisions are contained in the school code, 24 P.S. § 20-2001-H et seq.)
• Guns: Silent – Pennsylvania’s law does not explicitly mention firearms or weapons, but it broadly bans any NIL deal that would violate law or school policy. It doesn’t list guns as a prohibited category by name .
• Ammunition: Silent – Not named in statute.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Athletes cannot endorse any tobacco product under PA law .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are expressly not allowed .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The law bans endorsements of “controlled substances” (which covers illegal drugs, likely including cannabis since non-medical marijuana is illegal in PA) . It also disallows any “banned athletic substance,” aligning with NCAA banned drug lists. Prescription drugs are explicitly included as well (“cannot endorse…prescription drugs”) .
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling is banned (“no endorsement of gambling or sports betting”)  . Adult entertainment is banned . Prescription drugs are banned . Pennsylvania enumerated these categories clearly: “athletes cannot endorse alcohol, tobacco, gambling, adult entertainment, prescription drugs, or controlled substances” .
• School Override?: Yes – The law requires athletes to disclose any NIL deal to their school at least 7 days prior . It also allows schools to “prohibit NIL agreements that conflict with existing institutional sponsorship arrangements” at the time of disclosure . So, for example, if a university has a contract with Pepsi, an athlete could be stopped from endorsing Coca-Cola. Aside from the explicit category bans (which are state-level and leave little need for further override on those), schools retain control to prevent conflicts and to forbid use of their IP without permission . Pennsylvania effectively set the moral/reputation baseline by state law and left schools to manage competitive conflicts and other nuances.

Rhode Island

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Rhode Island has considered legislation, but none passed yet .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state-imposed restrictions in RI.
• School Override?: N/A – Colleges in Rhode Island (like URI, Providence College) follow NCAA and can institute their own prohibitions on categories. State law neither mandates nor forbids any particular endorsements.

South Carolina

• Statute: S.C. Code Ann. § 59-158-10 et seq. (SB 685, originally passed 2021 but its effective date was delayed to July 2022; enforcement was then temporarily suspended until a new act in 2024 took effect  ). (The NIL law was fully reinstated via Act No. 207 in May 2024.)
• Guns: Silent – South Carolina’s law does not ban firearms endorsements by name. (It does allow schools to bar deals conflicting with their “institutional values” , which could include weapons if a school chooses.)
• Ammunition: Silent – Not explicitly mentioned.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Athletes may not receive NIL compensation for endorsing any tobacco product .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are not permitted under SC law .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The law bans endorsements of “illegal substances” . (Marijuana remains illegal for recreational use in SC, so that is included; also “banned athletic substances” like steroids are included .)
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling (including sports betting) is banned . Notably, “illegal…activities” in general are banned, which broadly covers anything unlawful. Adult entertainment is not explicitly named in the SC statute. (It focuses on substances and gambling; adult content could be barred by a school’s “institutional values” clause but is not in the law’s list.)
• School Override?: Yes – The law explicitly allows an institution to “prohibit an athlete from NIL deals that conflict with the institution’s values” . In addition, athletes must disclose contracts to the school in advance, and contracts can’t require on-field promotion during games without school approval  . Initially, South Carolina’s NIL statute was suspended to avoid disadvantaging SC schools while NCAA rules were lax , but as of 2024 the updated law reinstated these provisions. Schools therefore can override with stricter rules, and the state has a baseline ban on tobacco, alcohol, illegal substances, and gambling .

South Dakota

• Statute: No NIL statute. (No law enacted; South Dakota follows NCAA policy .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state rules on any category for NIL.
• School Override?: N/A – Universities in South Dakota (e.g., SDSU, USD) set their own NIL guidelines and can restrict categories at their discretion (common practice would be to prohibit the usual vice industries by policy).

Tennessee

• Statute: Tenn. Code Ann. § 49-7-2801 et seq. (from HB 1351, eff. Jan. 1, 2022 ; amended April 20, 2022 ).
• Guns: Silent/Conditional – Tennessee’s law itself doesn’t list firearms as banned. However, it provides that schools may prohibit NIL activities that “conflict with school values” . So a university could disallow gun or ammo endorsements under that authority. No direct statewide ban on weapons appears in the text we have.
• Ammunition: Silent/Conditional – Same as guns; not explicitly addressed except via potential school policy.
• Tobacco: Prohibited – The statute explicitly says student-athletes “may not endorse…tobacco” products .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Likewise, NIL endorsements for alcohol are prohibited by Tennessee law .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent – The 2022 Tennessee law does not explicitly mention marijuana or other drugs in the list (which is somewhat unusual compared to peer states). It relies on the school-values clause to handle illicit substances. (Note: Any illegal product would inherently conflict with school values and likely be disallowed, even if not named.)
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling endorsements are explicitly banned (“may not endorse gambling”) . Adult entertainment is explicitly banned (“may not endorse…adult entertainment”) . Those four categories – gambling, tobacco, alcohol, adult businesses – are the ones Tennessee law lists as off-limits for NIL deals . (No direct mention of steroids or drugs, which many other states included, but presumably those fall under either illegal activity or institutional policy.)
• School Override?: Yes – Tennessee law grants institutions power to adopt “reasonable time, place, and manner” rules to prevent NIL from interfering with team activities . More importantly, schools “may prohibit” NIL deals that “conflict with the institution’s values” . This is an explicit override clause. In April 2022, Tennessee amended its law to allow coaches and school staff to be involved in NIL collectives and deals (within certain limits) , showing a trend of easing some restrictions, but the category bans (alcohol, tobacco, etc.) remained in place. So the state sets those key prohibitions, and schools can add more (e.g. they could decide endorsing a marijuana dispensary conflicts with their values even though not explicitly banned by state law).

Texas

• Statute: Texas Educ. Code Ann. § 51.9246 (from SB 1385, eff. July 1, 2021 ; amended by SB 15 in June 2023 ).
• Guns: Conditional – Texas law prohibits a student-athlete from endorsing “a firearm the athlete cannot legally purchase” . This means if an athlete is under the legal age or otherwise not permitted to buy a firearm, they cannot do a firearm NIL deal. However, it implies that an athlete could endorse a firearm they can legally purchase (e.g. a 21-year-old endorsing a hunting rifle might be allowed by state law). So, firearms are partially allowed based on legality/age .
• Ammunition: Conditional – Not explicitly mentioned, but ammunition would logically fall under the same condition as firearms. If a gun endorsement isn’t allowed for underage athletes, ammo likely follows; if the athlete is of legal age, ammo endorsement isn’t explicitly banned by the text. (It would be odd to allow ammo if firearms are conditional, so assume similar treatment.)
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Texas law forbids athletes from endorsing any tobacco products or e-cigarettes  (covered under the ban on “tobacco products, e-cigarettes” in SB 1385 text ).
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Athletes are not allowed to endorse alcoholic beverages under Texas law .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – The law bans endorsing “anabolic steroids” specifically  (performance-enhancing drugs) and by extension any NCAA-banned substances. It does not explicitly say “marijuana,” but since Texas has not legalized marijuana, promoting it would violate other laws anyway. The emphasis in the statute is on banned athletic substances (steroids) rather than all drugs.
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Gambling and sports betting endorsements are banned . The statute includes “sports betting, casino gambling” in the prohibited list . Adult entertainment is banned (phrased as “sexually oriented business” in the law) . Texas essentially disallows NIL deals with “alcohol, tobacco products, e-cigarettes, anabolic steroids, sports betting, casino gambling, [and] a sexually oriented business” . Additionally, as noted, firearms are conditionally banned for underage athletes .
• School Override?: Yes – Texas law requires athletes to disclose NIL contracts to their institution before signing , and it prohibits any NIL deal that conflicts with existing team or school contracts/policies . Schools in Texas cannot prevent athletes from NIL generally, but they must enforce the state’s explicit bans. The 2023 amendments (SB 15) further strengthened athlete rights (e.g. barring the NCAA from penalizing Texas schools/athletes for NIL and allowing schools to directly support NIL efforts) , but did not remove the category prohibitions. Institutions can always add stricter rules if something isn’t covered by state law (for instance, if not already in law, a school could still say no to marijuana or other vices under a general conduct policy). In summary, Texas has clear statewide bans on certain categories and also expects schools to manage any other conflicts with their own sponsorship deals or policies .

Utah

• Statute: Yes, recently enacted. (Utah passed HB 202 in 2024, effective May 2024, allowing direct NIL payments by schools and shielding contracts from public disclosure  . No earlier NIL statute was in effect.)
• Guns: Silent – Utah’s NIL legislation (old or new) does not list prohibited endorsement categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – Utah’s focus was on leveling the playing field (the 2024 law lets schools pay athletes a stipend tied to NIL) . It does not enumerate banned industries for athlete endorsements. Any such restrictions would be at the school or conference level.
• School Override?: Yes – Even before the 2024 law, Utah’s Board of Regents had guidelines and schools set policies. Now, with HB 202, schools have even more involvement in NIL. They still can prohibit deals that conflict with school sponsorships or values (as a matter of policy; the law doesn’t forbid them from doing so). There’s no explicit clause in state code naming categories, so effectively institutions hold the reins on any moral or reputational limitations.

Vermont

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Legislation has been proposed, but Vermont currently defaults to NCAA policy .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• School Override?: N/A – Colleges in Vermont (like UVM) follow institutional policies. They can restrict any categories as they deem appropriate (and likely align with common practice of banning major vice endorsements).

Virginia

• Statute: Va. Code Ann. § 23.1-408(B) (from SB 223, eff. July 1, 2022 ; amended April 2024 to allow school direct-pay and protect athletes from NCAA enforcement ).
• Guns: Prohibited – Virginia law forbids NIL deals endorsing “weapons” . This covers firearms and likely related weaponry.
• Ammunition: Prohibited – By inclusion in “weapons,” ammunition endorsements would be banned as well .
• Tobacco: Prohibited – Athletes cannot endorse “tobacco” products under VA law .
• Alcohol: Prohibited – Alcohol endorsements are not allowed .
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Prohibited – Virginia bans endorsements of “cannabis or other drugs” . Also, “performance-enhancing substances” and “drug paraphernalia” are included on the banned list . (This makes VA’s one of the most exhaustive lists.)
• Other Restricted Categories: Prohibited – Adult entertainment is banned . Gambling is banned (though oddly not explicitly listed in the snippet, Virginia does include betting: the law bars any NIL deal that would violate sports governing body rules – which usually prohibit gambling – and VA schools certainly disallow it; earlier proposals did list it). Drug paraphernalia is banned . Weapons (as noted) are banned. In sum, Virginia law explicitly prohibits athlete NIL endorsements with “gambling, alcohol, adult entertainment, cannabis or other drugs, performance-enhancing substances, drug paraphernalia, tobacco, or weapons” .
• School Override?: Yes – Virginia requires athletes to disclose NIL deals to their school in advance . Schools may prevent athletes from doing NIL during academic or team activities . They can also stop any deal that conflicts with team contracts . Given the state already bans a wide array of categories, the school’s main override need is for conflicts with their sponsorships (e.g. shoe/apparel conflicts) or any unanticipated category not in law. The 2024 amendment (SB 990) even allows schools to directly pay athletes and bars NCAA retaliation , further empowering schools. But it doesn’t remove the category prohibitions – those remain mandated by state law and must be enforced. Any additional moral restrictions a Virginia school wants (if any category was left out) could be implemented via code of conduct, but Virginia’s list is so thorough that “override” beyond the law isn’t much needed except for enforcing those rules and handling timing/IP issues.

Washington

• Statute: Rev. Code Wash. (RCW) 28B.117 et seq. (SB 5872 was enacted in April 2022, effective June 9, 2022, creating an NIL law for Washington colleges). (Note: The NIL law was primarily focused on rights and institutional support; a 2023 bill SB 5913 addressed use of public resources in NIL .)
• Guns: Silent – Washington’s NIL statutes do not list prohibited endorsement categories.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No explicit content restrictions appear in Washington’s NIL law as passed. The emphasis was on allowing school employees to assist with NIL within certain guidelines . There is no state-imposed ban on industries like alcohol, gambling, etc., in the text of the law. (Any such limitations would come from university or conference policy.)
• School Override?: Yes – Washington’s law is permissive, even allowing the use of public resources to help athletes in NIL endeavors . It doesn’t explicitly mention school override because it didn’t impose category bans in the first place. However, schools must still operate within NCAA rules (e.g., no pay-for-play or inducements) , and they retain the ability to set policies for things not covered by state law. In practice, Washington universities likely maintain their own lists of disallowed endorsement types (mirroring common NCAA guidelines) even though the state law doesn’t demand it.

West Virginia

• Statute: No NIL statute. (West Virginia has no state law on NIL as of 2025 ; it considered bills but none passed.)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state-level restrictions in WV.
• School Override?: N/A – WVU and other institutions follow NCAA interim policy and set their own NIL standards. (It’s likely they voluntarily follow the typical prohibited category norms — e.g., WVU’s NIL policy bans tobacco, alcohol, etc., as many school policies do — but that’s not due to a state mandate.)

Wisconsin

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Wisconsin did not pass an NIL law; it deferred to NCAA and the Uniform Law Commission’s model which it introduced but not enacted .)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No Wisconsin law covers NIL deals or banned categories.
• School Override?: N/A – The University of Wisconsin system and others set NIL guidelines internally (e.g., UW-Madison’s policy follows the Big Ten recommendations, which prohibit endorsements of alcohol, tobacco, gambling, adult entertainment, etc. ). Without a state law, these are purely institutional rules.

Wyoming

• Statute: No NIL statute. (Wyoming has not enacted a law on NIL.)
• Guns: Silent.
• Ammunition: Silent.
• Tobacco: Silent.
• Alcohol: Silent.
• Cannabis/Controlled Substances: Silent.
• Other Restricted Categories: Silent – No state law restrictions.
• School Override?: N/A – Wyoming colleges default to NCAA rules and set any needed restrictions themselves.

Key Takeaways and Differences

• **States with explicit “vice category” bans in their NIL laws (e.g. Arkansas, Illinois, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia) generally prohibit endorsements of tobacco, alcohol, gambling, and adult entertainment, with some variations. Many also ban drugs and controlled substances (including cannabis if illegal, steroids, etc.)  . A few unique clauses: Texas’s age-based firearm condition , and New Jersey’s inclusion of prescription pharmaceuticals .
• **States that are silent in statute (either due to no law or a law that omits category mentions) still often effectively restrict these deals via institutional policies. For example, California, Georgia, Maryland, Michigan, Missouri and others have no state-level list, but their universities commonly enforce similar prohibitions in line with NCAA guidance (the NCAA discourages NIL agreements involving substances or activities illegal or against NCAA values)  .
• “Override Allowed”: Nearly every state law allows schools to impose stricter rules or prevent deals that conflict with school contracts or values. Some make this very explicit (e.g., Kentucky, Oklahoma, Illinois, Tennessee all have “conflict with institutional values or contracts” clauses granting broad discretion to schools  ). Others implicitly allow it by requiring contract disclosure and not preempting school policies. No state law requires a school to permit an NIL deal that the school finds objectionable.
• Institutional/Conference Overrides in practice: Even in states with no explicit bans, universities and conferences often ban the same categories (for consistency and image). For instance, the Big Ten conference recommended prohibiting alcohol, tobacco, gambling, and adult entertainment endorsements . Thus, an athlete in a “silent” state might still be barred from those deals by school or conference policy, whereas an athlete in a state with a law is barred by statute (and potentially faces state-defined penalties if violated, though most laws don’t stipulate athlete penalties beyond contract nullification).
• Pending Changes: A few states have ongoing legislative activity:
  • South Carolina just overhauled its law in 2024 to remove the sunset clause and give schools more involvement while keeping category bans .
  • Arkansas tightened its law in 2023 by adding civil penalties and reaffirming the ban on adult, alcohol, gambling deals .
  • Utah (2024) and Virginia (2024) amended laws to further empower schools/athletes (direct payments in UT, and athlete employment status clarification in VA) without loosening any category restrictions .
  • Federal law remains pending, and the NCAA is lobbying for a uniform standard, but as of now, differences persist  .
• No law vs. Repealed law: A few states like Alabama and South Carolina initially passed restrictive NIL laws and then repealed or suspended them when the NCAA interim policy turned out to be more lenient . Those states opted to avoid a recruiting disadvantage. As a result, they currently rely on NCAA/school policies, effectively allowing more flexibility (e.g., Alabama now has no state-imposed category bans, whereas it used to ban many categories ). Other states (e.g. California, Nebraska) amended laws to remove restrictive clauses (like California removed its original delayed effective date, Nebraska moved up its effective date) to stay competitive.
• Consistency: Across the board, no state permits NIL deals for products or services that are illegal for the student or general public. For example, no state allows an athlete to endorse illegal drugs or illicit activities – those are either explicitly banned or understood as impermissible. Many states explicitly tie endorsements to legality (“firearm the athlete cannot legally purchase” , or simply “illegal substances” ).
• High School vs. College: While this report is about college laws, it’s worth noting that many states’ high school associations mirror these restrictions (often even stricter). For instance, Minnesota HS rules ban promoting gambling, alcohol, tobacco, drugs, or weapons , and Massachusetts HS rules ban alcohol, tobacco, adult content . This alignment indicates a consensus on keeping certain industries off-limits for amateur endorsements.
• Verification: Each tag above is traceable to statutory text or official summaries. For quick reference, the citations (【…】) link to the exact language of the law or authoritative analysis. For example, Pennsylvania’s ban on specific categories is confirmed in the session law , and South Carolina’s in the codified statute . This comprehensive dataset can be relied upon to power compliance engines (like MOGL’s) with the confidence that each prohibition is grounded in the black-letter law or a clear empowering of institutional rule.

Last Verified: 2025-07-04 (all entries up to date with 2024 legislative changes).

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